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Dave Sang for Trumps Make America Great Again

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American campaign slogan

Trump'southward "Brand America Smashing Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential entrada before Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Great Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized past Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Make America Dandy Once more" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton as well used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton'south unsuccessful 2008 presidential chief campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's use of the phrase "probably the well-nigh resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the land was in pass up.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread utilise and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who back up and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link information technology to racism in the United States, regarding information technology as domestic dog-whistle politics and coded linguistic communication.[4] [v] [half dozen] [7] The slogan was besides at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett attack hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [xi]

Use earlier Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was get-go used past Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a oral communication at the tertiary session of the 76th U.s.a. Congress in anticipation of the 1940 Usa presidential election: "What is the way? Here is America. In that location are 130,000,000 of the states. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who tin requite the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which volition beget vision. That will make America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was plant in some advertisement associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential entrada.[thirteen]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Permit'southward make America neat again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'due south 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at dwelling house marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the state'due south economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[fourteen] [xv] [xvi] [17] Within his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, specially in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national cause to make America great again."[eighteen] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[20] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign.[22]

During the 2016 balloter campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'due south version, used every bit a entrada rallying weep, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "requite you an economy you lot had 50 years ago, and... motion you back up on the social totem pole and other people downward."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published past St. Martin'southward Printing on August 16, 2011, as Troublemaker: Permit's Practice What It Takes to Make America Great Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Dandy Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump fabricated a statement in which he said he was unwilling to dominion out running as a presidential candidate in the hereafter, explaining "I must leave all of my options open because, above all else, we must brand America keen again."[25] Too in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #1 Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Brand America Groovy Over again" past stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of State'due south office to create the "Make America Bully Once again Party", which would have allowed Trump to be that party's nominee if he had decided to become a tertiary-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day later Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. By his own account, Trump first considered "We Will Make America Great", but did not feel like it had the right "band" to information technology. "Make America Great" was his next slogan idea, but upon farther reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never dandy. Subsequently selecting "Make America Dandy Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register information technology. (Trump afterwards said he was unaware of Reagan's employ in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the United states Patent and Trademark Role requesting sectional rights to use the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service mark on July xiv, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public every bit early on as August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Imprint displaying "Vote To Make America Neat Once again" on a roadside in California shortly after the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Continue America Neat" hat in Dec 2019

During the 2016 entrada, Trump ofttimes used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the campaign that at i point it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or telly commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to one. "...but information technology was a slogan, and every time somebody buys ane, that's an ad."[28]

Post-obit Trump's election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would exist "Keep America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] Notwithstanding, Trump's 2020 campaign continued to use the "Make America Smashing Once more" slogan.[35] Trump'due south vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, once again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule.[36] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[37]

Less than a week afterwards Trump left office, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a tertiary party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Political party" or "Brand America Peachy Over again Political party". In his first few days out of office, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who also chosen for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In late January 2021, the quondam president viewed the proposed MAGA Party every bit leverage to preclude Republican senators from voting to captive him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[38] [39]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – it's Modern Twenty-four hour period PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[40]

In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[41] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post'south retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the boilerplate Trump tweet attracts a full of 107,000."[41]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[42] According to RiteTag,[43] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: 1,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with fourteen% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[43]

Donald Trump set up up his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly post-obit the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with peculiarly notable spikes occurring afterward his securing the Republican Political party nomination (May 3, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[44]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, amidst others,[5] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase considering information technology "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it every bit racist coded language, just also to those who have felt a loss of status as other groups have become more than empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America Starting time did in the early on 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[45]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[westward]earing a 'Brand America Cracking Over again' hat is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if yous wear one, it'south a pretty good indication that you share, adore or appreciate President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Gratuitous Printing and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are show of racism, seeing them more than in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[46] [47] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan every bit "fabled", writing: "Information technology was vague enough to appeal to optimists mostly, while leaving enough of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going dorsum to the days when they ran the earth."[48] Polling has shown that well-nigh ten percent of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[49] [ non-primary source needed ] while nigh xxx percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[fifty] [ improve source needed ]

Apply by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and But Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Great Again [51] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr subsequently the Invasion of Republic of iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book most her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let'due south Do What It Takes To Brand America Corking Again.[52]

Subsequently Donald Trump popularized the utilise of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump'southward primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Dandy Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to transport cease-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz subsequently sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 debate.[53] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such every bit "Brand America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump'south clearing policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico edge.[54] [55]

Use past political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 bill signing.[56] [57] Former US Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you recall America was neat?"[58] [59] During John McCain's memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to be made great once more because America was e'er dandy."[lx] Trump after tweeted "MAKE AMERICA Bully Again!" later that solar day.[61]

Employ past detest groups [edit]

A 2018 written report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks establish that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used past white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[62]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last judgement of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet neat over again."[63]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia corking again", though he denied having copied Trump.[64]

During the Swedish European Parliament ballot in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Once again".[65] [66]

Feb 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Make Earth Greta Over again"

Members of the Fridays for Futurity Movement have often used slogans similar "Make Globe Greta Once again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[67] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the World Greta Once again.[68]

In popular culture [edit]

Rap-stone supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Again" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Great Again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA lid

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult amusement [edit]

  • Adult film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Once more" strip club tour. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 campaign trail and role of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[69]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Douse Again".[70]

Artwork [edit]

  • Brand Everything Nifty Again was a street art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Republic of lithuania.[71] [72]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand up-up tour was titled "Making America Great Over again".[73]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers challenge an association with Developed Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed equally the Earth Merchandise Heart during the September 11 attacks, wore "Brand FishCenter Corking Again" hats.[74] [75] [76]

Fashion [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Dandy Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to blueprint a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Reddish Rug eastward.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[77]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Brand Sandford Great Over again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[78]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Bully Again" fez hat in 1 scene.[79]
  • The Syfy movie Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Brand America Bait Again".[lxxx]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Ballot Twelvemonth (2016) is "Keep America Great" (a phrase Trump would later apply as his 2020 entrada slogan); one of the Television spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does then "to continue my country [America] peachy".[81] The next film in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA lid.[82]
  • The graphic symbol Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[83]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Bang-up Once more" during his entrada against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombateleven newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld peachy again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Again" in its marketing campaign.[84]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Nifty Again" during his speech communication while contesting Raiden.[85]

Music [edit]

  • Autumn Out Male child released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[86]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 chosen G.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Once more.[87]
  • Make America Rock Once again was a rock concert tour.[88]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, chosen their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Over again Bout", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a stone protest anthology in 2020 called 'Make ANGER Not bad Over again'[89]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[ninety]
  • Frank Turner released a vocal called "Make America Keen Again" on his album Exist More Kind (2018).
  • Vocalizer Joy Villa produced a single "Brand America Great Again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' wearing apparel.[91]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a lid maxim Make America Skate again in Risk the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired past the Barack Obama "Promise" poster.[92]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Great Over again.[93]
  • Metal band Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Brand America Hate Again" on their album Human being Target (2019). They as well sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Great Again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball game outfielder Bryce Harper wore a chapeau saying "Brand Baseball game Fun Once again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Writer Octavia E. Butler used "Brand America Dandy Over again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a graphic symbol, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[94] Jarret is described equally "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled organized religion and government together and cemented the link with coin from rich businessmen".[95]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Engagement Once again",[96] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Television [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his bear witness Final Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Brand Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family.[97] [98] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[98]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump'south, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[99]
  • In the Star Expedition: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[100] [101] [102] [103]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[one]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

Dave Sang for Trumps Make America Great Again

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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